This is the question that my research group, The Bone Outcomes Study Group, has set out to answer.  

We are firm believers in the bio-psycho-social model of pain and understand that many non-biologic factors can affect one's pain perception and overall outcome after injuries.  In addition, as providers, we see the devastating effects of the opioid epidemic in the United States.  We have set out to investigate if a novel wearable neurofeedback meditation device can decrease opioid use and improve outcomes after surgery.